The envelope is defined by drawing a line from the vehicle center through the assistant centers and then extending 20 cm from the assistant centers on that line, as shown in Figure 5. The locations of the assistants relative to the chair and stretcher were estimated.ĭuring movement in Pathfinder, a geometric envelope of the vehicle and assistants is used to detect collisions. The size of the chair and stretcher are given in the paper by ( Hunt, Galea, and Lawrence 2013). The evacuation chair requires only one assistant during movement, while the stretcher requires four assistants. The geometry of the chair, stretcher, and evacuation assistants are shown in Figure 4. Stair and landing geometry ( Hunt, Galea, and Lawrence 2013) Geometry of floor 11 with patients ( Hunt, Galea, and Lawrence 2013) Figure 3. Key dimensions of the stairs are that each step has a rise of 17.5 cm and a run of 29 cm, there are 12 rises in each flight of stairs, and the width of the stairs are 1.4 m between the handrails. In this figure, some of the dimensions such as corridor door widths have been estimated by scaling the drawing.įigure 3 shows the geometry of the stairs. Model Detailsįigure 2 shows the basic geometry of the hospital floor to be evacuated. We will replicate two scenarios: (1) the day shift female team using evacuation chairs and, (2) the night shift male team using stretchers. Using this data, simulations of the evacuation of 28 patients were made using different devices, different numbers of staff, and male/female teams. ( Hunt, Galea, and Lawrence 2013)Īs described in the paper, “Data were collected from 32 trials in which a test subject was evacuated through 11 floors of Ghent University Hospital using four commonly used movement assistance devices: stretcher, carry chair, evacuation chair and rescue sheet.” ( Hunt, Galea, and Lawrence 2013). In this post, we will replicate two of the Ghent Hospital evacuation simulations, as described both in Aoife Hunt’s thesis Simulating Hospital Evacuation and in An analysis and numerical simulation of the performance of trained hospital staff using movement assist devices to evacuate people with reduced mobility. If additional clients need assistance, the assistants will return and continue helping clients until all are evacuated. ![]() Assistants help clients for only part of their evacuation, such as an occupant in a wheelchair who only needs assistance to descend stairs.įor example, one team of assistants moves clients to one location and then another team moves the occupants to another location.ĭuring an evacuation simulation, clients (patients) request assistance, available assistants then proceed to help the clients evacuate following the behavior for that client.This can include visiting multiple intermediate waypoints or specified delays while being assisted. Assistants help clients through their entire evacuation. ![]() When defining an assisted evacuation scenario, Pathfinder uses the following concepts: Illustration of assisted evacuation using wheelchair and bedĪssisted evacuation in Pathfinder was designed to be flexible. Pathfinder 2017.1 added support for assisted evacuation, shown in Figure 1. In this post, we use Pathfinder to replicate two of the evacuation simulations that she calculated using buildingEXODUS. The experimental data was then used to predict evacuation times for an entire floor of a hospital under different staffing and assist device scenarios. During the Fire and Evacuation Modeling Technical Conference (FEMTC) 2016, Aoife Hunt gave a talk entitled Simulating Hospital Evacuation in which she described an extensive set of experiments to evaluate assisted evacuation using a stretcher, a carry chair, an evacuation chair, and a rescue sheet. ![]() IntroductionĮmergency evacuation of a hospital requires assistance for patients with reduced mobility. To Follow along with this post, download ghent-hospital.zip here. Created with software version: 2020.1 Table of Contents
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